taylor



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. H. H. TAYLOR. STEAM BOILER No. 541,896. Patented July 2, 1895.

" Q Q o [NVE/VTW? (No Model.) a Sheets-$heet 2.

' H.H.TAYLOR.

STEAM BOILER.

No. 541,896. Patented July 2, 1895.

WITNESSES [WVEWTOQY (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. H. H. TAYLOR.

STEAM BOILER. No. 541,896. Patented July 2, 1895.

[NVEWJ'OQ Wf YQQA By ZZZ fliiomey UNITED STATES i ATENT OFFICE.

HARRISON H. TAYLOR, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THE DETROIT SCREW WORKS, OF SAME PLACE.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 541,895, dated July 2, 1895f A plication filed November 15, 1894. Serial No. 528,857. (No model.)

To ooZZ whonc it may concern;

Be it known that I, HARRISON H. TAYLOR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Steam-Boilers; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in steam boilers, and has for its chief object the construction of steam boilers in a more compact form than has heretofore been accomplished and at the same time to pro-- vide a large heating surface in a small space.

To this end my invention consists of the general construction, arrangement and com-.

bination of devices and appliances hereinafter specified and claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-- Figure l is a vertical longitudinal section through the center of the boiler. Fig. 2 is a front end elevation, the front portion of the case being removed. Fig. 3 is a detail view showing two of the vertical pipes and .the manner of their connection one with another. Fig. 4. is a detail view at right angles to Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail view illustrating the manner of packing certain joints. Fig. 6 is a detail view illustrating the diagonal arrangement of the Ys at the base of the vertical pipes.

My invention contemplates the employment of suitable metal pipes with malleable Ts at the ends thereof, the Ts being connected in the mannerhereinafter set forth so' as to make a very close connection and arrangement of the pipes.

My invention also contemplates a method of connecting different loops with a dome as hereinafter set forth, in such a manner as to avoid cutting the drum as much as possible.

Myinvention isdesigned more particularly as an improvement in a return draft boiler or in a boiler wherein the products of combustion are returned between coils so as to exert their greatest possible heating power upon the coils! My improved boiler is chiefly constructed as an upright pipe boiler.

I carry out my invention as follows: Arepresentsa series of vertical tubes located above a combustion chamber B, the series of pipes A constituting what I term a header. An essential feature of my invention consists in the manner of uniting the ends of these vertical pipes A. This I accomplish by means of malleable Ts, a malleable T, C, being employed at each end of each of the pipes A, two such Ts, O, of theadjacent pipes being connected by an interior nipple D, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The nipples Dare formed6 with right and left hand screw threads on their exterior, the Ts being interiorly threaded to permit the nipples being connected therewith. The nipples may be screwed into place to bring two adjacent Ts closely to gether in any suitable manner. It will be evident that two adjacent Ts may be thus connected closely together by means of interior nipples in threaded engagement therewith. This means of connection permits the location of upright pipes very closely together so that a large number of such upright pipes may be located very compactly in a small space.

The pipes A may either be expanded into the malleable Ts or have a threaded engagement therewith as may be preferred, a threaded engagement of two being shown in the drawings, as at a. The interior nipples D may be provided with ribs 02 or otherwise constructed for the engagement of a suitable tool therewith to screw the nipples into engagement with the corresponding Ts.

The Ts O at the upper extremities of the pipes A are made to support a bathe plate E of any suitable material, as asbestos for example. To this end the Ts may be provided with flanges c to engage the baffle plate support E as shown. I

The vertical pipes A are arranged in rows 5 or series across the boiler, such a row being shown in Fig. 2 at the front of the boiler, and a series of such rows are employed arranged in order from the front to the rear of the boiler. It will be apparent that the Ts unit- 100 ing each cross row of pipes A, form in reality a top and bottom manifold V and Z, the TS of each row of pipes at the top and bottom thereof forming a continuous passage thereof additional vertical pipes A being also arranged through the middle of the combustion chamber. The outer pipes A of each row instead of being connected at their lower ends with a malleable T, are connected with a malleable cross 0', the corresponding pipe A being also connected with the lower end of the cross. The outer end of each cross 0 is preferably provided with a removable plug 0 to facilitate the cleaning of the boiler. The pipes A are similarly joined to the corresponding pipes A by an intervening cross C The pipes A and A are arranged in a series of loops, one pipe of each loop being connected with the cross 0 of one row of pipes A, the other pipe A of each loop being connected with the cross of the adjacent row of pipes A. One of the pipes A of each loop at the middle of the boiler is also connected with a cross C of one row of pipes A, while the other pipe A is connected with the cross of the adjacent row of pipes A.

F denotes a manifold at the base of the combustion chamberarranged in any suitable form and preferably located about three sides thereof. Each loop of pipes A, A, and A A is connected into the manifold F. The union of each loop with the said manifold I preferto accomplish by means of a Y, indicated at G, the two upper arms of the Y engaging the lower ends of the two pipes A A of each loop. The loops formingsaid pipes A A are also united by similar Y-s G, to a portion of the manifold F running through under the middle of the combustion chamber, as indicated at F, Fig. l.

The use of the Ys in connecting the twopipes of the corresponding loop into, the manifold obviously avoids cutting up the manifold as much as would be required if each pipe was separately connected into the manifold. The use of the Ys also permits the arrangement of the loops more compactly than could otherwise be done. I prefer to set the Ys diagonally in connection with the manifold, as indicated for example in Fig. 6 as well as elsewhere, as .such an arrangement brings the pipes into better position to receive the influence of the heat. The pipes A and A may be termed the"uptakes from the manifold F to the header or pipes A.

Above the header or pipes A is located a dome H, the same being preferably located centrally as shown. The front portion of the manifold F is provided with a pipe F leading therefrom into the front of the dome as shown. The rear of the manifold F is also connected by apipe F into the rear of the dome as shown, to effect a proper circulation of water. The manifold F may be constructed in any suitable manner to support a grate I.

J denotes supports for the boiler underneath the manifold F. Each row of pipes A of the header is also connected into an uptake K leading into the dome H. To connect each row of pipes A of the header, I employ'additional Ys L, the two lower arms of each Y being connected with corresponding manifolds of the pipes A A of the corresponding rows of pipes in the header by means of crosses C and intervening pipes Z Z. I prefer to connect each row of the pipes of the header into both sides of the dome in the manner hereinbefore described, as indicated in Fig. 2. The pipes AA corresponding to the pipes A A are obviously brought into the corresponding loopsfi So also, at the center the pipes A corresponding to the pipes A are brought into the corresponding loops. To make a tight joint of the pipes L with the crosses G I prefer to use a packing ring M located at the top of the upper arm of each cross C the arm being concaved as shown at m to form a seat for the ring, a nut M having a screw threaded engagement with the corresponding pipe Z being located over the packing ring M. In constructing the boiler, the pipes Z are screwed into the upper arm of the corresponding cross C3, as indicated in Fig. 5, and are afterward run up to form a screw threaded engagement with the lower end of the corresponding arm Z of the Y,L. When the pipe Z is properly screwed into place in the cross C and Y L, the nut M is run down upon the packing ring M. This packing ring M is preferably made of suitable hard metal threaded interiorly. \Vhen the nut M is run forcibly down upon the packing ring, the threads of the packing ring as well as the body of the ring are compressed snugly in place between the nut, the pipe Z, and the upper arm of the cross C by which means a perfectly tight joint is effected.

Where packing rings, as of lead, have heretofore been employed, fusible at a low temperature, they have been liable to be melted away under high steam pressure whereby the efficiency of the packing has been entirely destroyed and leakage has resulted. Such a packing ring does not require to be interiorly threaded. By employing a packing ring as of copper, for example, notliable to be melted by low degrees of heat it has been necessary that it should be primarily threaded to engage the threads of the pipe.

1t will readily be perceived that'the ad vantage of connecting the different loops of the dome by means of the Ys L lies in the fact that if the Ys were not employed, it would be necessary to tap the dome twice the number of times that is required by this construction and arrangement. WVithout the use of the Ys L it is evident that the dome must be cut so much as to practically. make it impossible to so arrange and connect the pipes therewith at all, any other method of connecting the loop therewith would necessarily weaken and impair the strength of the dome to such an extent as to render such a construction impossible. The uptake K in the front row of loops preferably communicates with the front end of the dome H by means of a suitable union K and a pipe K leading from the union intothe dome. At the front of the boiler I prefer to arrange a coil of pipes P, the lower end of each coil communicating with the portion F of the manifold and the upper end of each coil leading into the union K. Similar coils having similar connections are located at the rear of.

the boiler as indicated at P At the two sides of the dome H, I locate coils Q Q, their upper ends leading into the dome preferably toward its base, as indicated at q q. The water fed to the boiler enters the lower extremities of the loops Q Q as at g This arrangement of the coils Q Q insures the water being heated therein before it enters the dome H. The steam is lead from the upper portion of the dome, as through a pipe R.

S denotes the inclosing case of the boiler preferably formed with a slanting roof as shown, S being an up take leading therefrom.

S is the ash pit.

I prefer to construct the case in sections S united by means of flanges S at their meeting edges. These flanges may be formed of angle iron engaged with the edges of the sections and'bolted together. The upper section of thecase is similarly engaged with the roof sections 3''. Obviously this construction of the case enables ready access to be had to the interior of the boiler inasmuch asby removing the bolts connecting the flanges S a desired section of the case may be removed. I prefer to locate the rows of Ts 0 with the crosses O" at their ends in such a position that by removing the upper section of the case access may readily be had thereto should the manifolds formed by said Ts and crosses need to be cleaned. t 7

It will be apparent that by reason of the baffle plate, the products of combustion will pass rearward thereunder to the rear of the boiler where they will be led above the baffle plate to the front ofthe boiler. The coils of pipes at the rear of the boiler catch the heat from the products of combustion as they turn forward over the baffle plate. It will be understood, thus, that there are several rows of vertical pipes A in the header, and that at the top and bottom of each 'row is a manifold formed by the corresponding Ts and crosses,

the upper ones being termed the upper manifolds of theheader,and the lower ones being termed the lower manifolds of the header. Each pair of pipes A and A connect two adjacent lower manifolds of the header, while the Ys L connect two adjacent upper manifolds of the header.

In the arrangement of the pipes A, I prefer to graduate them from the center toward each end, said pipes being placed closer together toward the ends of the header,

The base of the Ts C is interiorly elevated as indicated by the dotted line, Fig. 3, to avoid forming pockets therewithin. i

It will be evident that the up-flow pipes A and A lead the water into the lower manifolds of the header. The spacing of the pipes A A closer together toward the ends evidently leaves the corresponding manifolds farther apart at the center of the boiler, the same graduating toward the ends of the boiler.

WhatI claim as my invention is- 1. In a steam boiler, the combination of pipes A A one of which is provided with T- shaped couplings at both ends thereof, and the other of which pipes is provided with a T-shaped coupling at one end and with a cross shaped coupling at the opposite end, and interiorly revoluble nipples uniting two adjacent couplings at both ends of said pipes, the adjacent ends of said couplings screwed together by the corresponding nipple having a screw threaded engagement therewithin, whereby the adjacent ends of said couplings are brought snugly face to face at both ends of said pipes, and a pipe A united with said cross shaped coupling, substantially as set forth.

shaped couplings O at both ends thereof, and t the other of which pipes is provided with a T-shaped coupling at one end and with a crossshaped coupling at the opposite end, an additional pipe entering the cross-shaped coupling, and an interiorly revoluble nipple uniting two adjacent couplings at the top and bottom of said pipes, the adjacent ends of the couplings interiorlyythreaded the one with right hand screw threads and the other with left hand screw threads, and the two ends of the nipple exteriorly threaded the one end thereof with right hand screw threads and the other with left hand screw threads, said couplings screwed together by said interiorly revoluble nipple having a screw threaded engagement therewithin whereby the adjacent ends of said couplings will be brought snugly face to face at each end of said pipes, substantially as set forth.

3. In a steam boiler provided with a combustion chamber, the combination of a series of upright water pipes A located above the combustion chamber, a manifold above the combustion chamber uniting said water pipes at their lower ends, a manifold uniting the up per ends of said water pipes, and Y-shaped couplings uniting two adjacent manifolds, substantially as set forth. I

4. In a steam boiler provided with a combustion chamber, the combination of a series of upright water pipes A arranged in rows above the combustion chamber, a manifold above the combustion chamber uniting the lower ends of each row of said water pipes, a

manifold uniting the upper ends of each row of said water pipes, and Y-shaped couplings uniting two adjacent manifolds, substantially as set forth.

5. In a steam boiler provided with a combustion chamber, the combination of a series of upright water pipes A arranged in rows above the combustion chamber to form a header, a manifold above the combustion chamber uniting the lower ends of each of said rows of water pipes, a manifold uniting the upper ends of each row of said water pipes, additional upright pipes extending downward from each of the lower of said manifolds at the sides of the combustion chamber, additional manifolds below said additional pipes, and Y-shaped couplings uniting two adjacent last mentioned pipes with the manifold adjacent to the lower end thereof, substantially as set forth.

6. In a steam boiler provided with a combustion chamber, the combination of upright water pipes arranged in vertical rows above the combustion chamber, manifolds V unitingv the upper ends of the pipes of each of said rows, a dome, pipes K leading into the dome, and Y-shaped couplings uniting each of the pipes K leading into the dome with two adjacent manifolds V, substantially as set forth.

7. In a steam boiler provided with a combustion chamber, the combination of a series of upright water pipes arranged in rows above the combustion chamber having top and bottom manifolds V and Z at the extremities of said rows, and Y-shaped couplings-connecting two adjacent manifolds, said upright pipes and their manifolds forming a header above the combustion chamber, substantially as set forth.

8. In a steam boiler provided with a combustion chamber, the combination of a dome, a series of upright water pipes arranged in rows above the combustion chamber to form a header thereabove, top and bottom manifolds V and Z for each of said rows, and a series of Y-shaped couplings each connecting two adjacent manifolds with the dome, substantially as set forth.

9. In a steam boiler the combination of a manifold, a series of vertical pipes arranged in rows, a T-shaped coupling connected with each extremity of said pipes, a nipple having an exterior threaded engagement within the ends of two adjacent T-shaped couplings, a Y-shapcd coupling connecting the lower ends of each pair of said pipes with said manifold, and a Y connecting two adjacent rows of said pipes at their upper ends, said nipple threaded from end to end whereby the T- shapcd couplings may be brought sn ugly face to face substantially as set forth.

10. In a steam boiler the combination of a series of water pipes, T- shaped couplings engaged with the extremities of said pipes and a baffle plate supported upon T- shaped couplings at the upper ends of said pipes substantially as and for the purpose specified.

11. In a steam boiler the combination of two manifolds provided with crosses C of a Y- shaped coupling communicating with two adjacent manifolds, intervening pipesl connecting the two arms of the Y-shaped coupling with corresponding crosses, a nut upon each of the arms Z, and a packing ring between the nut and the corresponding cross, substantially as set forth.

12. In a steam boiler the combination of water pipes, of crosses. S a Y-shaped coupling L, a connecting pipe Z, a nut M and a metallic interiorly threaded packing ring intervening between said nut and the corresponding cross, substantially as set forth.

13. In a steam boiler the combination of a series of water pipes, T- shaped couplings connected with the extremities of said pipes, in terior nipples connecting adjacent T-shaped couplings, crosses engaged with the outer pipes of said series, and plugs in said crosses, substantially as set forth.

14. In a steam boiler, the combination of a dome, a series of pipes provided with manifolds at their upper ends, Y- shaped couplings connecting two adjacent manifolds, and multiple up-flow pipes leading from said Y-shaped couplings to said dome, substantially as set forth.

15. In a steam boiler the combination of a series of pipes having manifolds at their lower ends and an additional manifold therebeneath, a Y-shaped coupling connected with the additional manifold and pipes connecting said Y-shaped couplings with two adjacent lower manifolds of the series, substantially as set forth.

16. In a steam boiler provided with a combustion chamber, the combination of upright water pipes A A arranged above the combustion chamber having manifolds at both ends thereof, and a Y-shaped coupling uniting two adjacent manifolds, said manifolds each extending above the combustion chamber the full width ofthe boiler, substantially as set forth.

17. In a steam boiler, the combination of upright water pipes arranged in rows across the boiler, manifolds uniting the upper ends of each of said rows, a dome, and Y-shaped couplings located toward each end of the manifolds, each of said couplings connecting two adjacent manifolds with the dome, substantially as set forth.

18. In a steam boiler, the combination of plural manifolds at the base of the combustion chamber, a series of upright pipes A above the combustion chamber provided with manifolds Z at the lower ends of said upright pipes forming a header and multiple upfiow pipes connecting the manifolds at the base of the combustion chamber with the manifolds Z of the header, substantially as set forth.

19. In a steam boiler the combination of the pipes A A provided with manifolds communicating therewith, said manifolds located at a wider distance apart at the center of the IIO boiler, and arranged closer together toward I Z to form a header, a dome, and pipes conthe ends of the boiler, a baffle plate located necting theupper manifolds V with the dome, toward the top of said pipes to compel the substantially as set forth. products of combustion to pass out of the In testimony whereof I sign this specifica 5 combustion chamber at the ends of the boiler, tion in the presence of two witnesses.

substantially as set forth.

20. In a steam boiler, the combination of HARRISON H. TAYLOR. plural manifolds at the base of the combus- Witnesses: tion chamber, a series of upright pipes A pro- OTTO B; BAENZIGER,

to vided with top and bottom manifolds V and M. A. MARTIN. 

